Dongosolo Lotuta Madzi a Mvula Kuyeretsa Madzi a Solar

Mafotokozedwe Akatundu

Kusonkhanitsa madzi amvula kumakhudzidwa ndi nyengo, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakuthupi, mankhwala, ndi njira zina zochizira kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito yosapitirira ya nyengo.Kulekanitsa mvula ndi kuipitsidwa kumaphatikizapo kulondolera madzi a mvula mu thanki yosungiramo, kenaka kuwongolera pakati pa thupi ndi mankhwala.Matekinoloje ambiri omwe alipo kale operekera madzi ndi madzi oyipa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa madzi amvula.Nthawi zambiri, madzi amvula omwe ali abwino kwambiri amasankhidwa kuti asonkhanitsidwe ndi kubwezeretsedwanso.Njira yochizira iyenera kukhala yophweka, pogwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kusefera ndi sedimentation.

Pakafunika kuchuluka kwa madzi abwino, njira zoyendetsera bwino zofananira ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.Mkhalidwewu umakhudza kwambiri malo omwe ogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba zamadzi, monga kubwezeretsanso madzi ozizira a makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi ntchito zina zamadzi am'mafakitale.Njira yoyeretsera madzi iyenera kutengera zofunikira zamadzi, kuphatikiza mankhwala apamwamba monga coagulation, sedimentation, ndi kusefedwa kotsatiridwa ndi activated carbon or membrane filtration units.

Panthawi yosonkhanitsa madzi a mvula, makamaka pamene madzi akusefukira pamwamba pa nthaka ali ndi zinyalala zambiri, kulekanitsa matopewo kungachepetse kufunika kothamangitsa thanki yosungiramo.Kulekanitsa matope kumatha kutheka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapashelu kapena kupanga matanki okhazikika ofanana ndi akasinja okhazikika.

Pamene madzi otayira kuchokera ku ndondomekoyi sakukwaniritsa zofunikira zamadzi amadzi amtundu wamadzi, zingakhale zotheka kulingalira kugwiritsa ntchito luso lachilengedwe la kuyeretsedwa kwa thupi lamadzi ndi malo osungira madzi ndi kuyeretsa madzi kuti ayeretse madzi amvula osakanikirana m'madzi. thupi.Pamene malo amadzi ali ndi zofunikira zenizeni zamadzi, malo oyeretsera amafunika.Ngati madzi osefukira akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti alowe m'madzi, madzi amvula amatha kulowetsedwa kudzera mu udzu kapena mitsinje ya miyala yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa mtsinje kuti athe kuyeretsa koyambirira asanalowe m'madzi, motero kuthetsa kufunikira kwa malo oyambirira otulutsa madzi amvula.Malo osungira madzi amvula ndi malo osungira madzi amvula otsika mtengo.Pamene mikhalidwe ilola kuti madzi amvula asungidwe m'madzi, madzi amvula amayenera kusungidwa m'malo osungira madzi m'malo momanga matanki osungira madzi amvula.

Chithandizo cha sedimentation chingapezeke pogwiritsira ntchito maenje a sedimentation ndi malo osungiramo matope achilengedwe panthawi yosungira madzi amvula.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kusefera mwachangu, kukula kwa pore kwa fyulutayo kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 100 mpaka 500 ma micrometer.Mkhalidwe wamadzi wamtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wokwera kuposa wa ulimi wothirira wobiriwira, kotero kusefera kwa ma coagulation kapena kuyandama kumafunika.Mchenga kusefera tikulimbikitsidwa kuti coagulation kusefera, ndi tinthu kukula d ndi fyuluta bedi makulidwe H = 800mm kuti 1000mm.Polymeric aluminiyamu kolorayidi amasankhidwa ngati coagulant, ndi mlingo ndende ya 10mg/L.Kusefera kumachitika pamlingo wa 350m3/h.Kapenanso, makatiriji a fiber mpira fyuluta amatha kusankhidwa, ndi njira yophatikizira madzi ndi mpweya.

Pakakhala zofunika zapamwamba zamadzi, njira zochiritsira zotsogola ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa, zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'malo omwe ali ndi zofunika zapamwamba zamadzi, monga madzi ozizira oziziritsa mpweya, madzi apanyumba, ndi madzi ena akumafakitale.Ubwino wa madzi uyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za dziko.Njira yoyeretsera madzi iyenera kukhala ndi chithandizo chapamwamba chotengera momwe madzi amafunikira, monga kutsekeka, kusefa, kusefera, komanso kuchiritsa pambuyo pa kusefera kwa kaboni kapena kusefera kwa membrane.

Dongosolo lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yopangira madzi amvula nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda organic, ndipo chithandizo chosavuta ndi chokwanira.Pamene mapangidwe a matope ndi ovuta, chithandizo chiyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi miyezo yoyenera.

Madzi amvula amakhala mosungiramo kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi masiku 1 mpaka 3, ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zochotsa zinyalala.Mapangidwe a posungira ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito matope ake mokwanira.Pampu yamadzi amvula iyenera kutulutsa madzi omveka bwino mu thanki yamadzi momwe angathere.

Zida zosefera mwachangu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mchenga wa quartz, anthracite, mchere wolemera, ndi zida zina zosefera ndi zida zokhwima komanso matekinoloje omangira madzi opangira madzi ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi amvula.Mukatengera zida zatsopano zosefera ndi njira zosefera, magawo apangidwe amayenera kutsimikiziridwa potengera zoyeserera.Mvula ikagwa, mukamagwiritsa ntchito madziwo ngati madzi ozizira obwezerezedwanso, chithandizo chapamwamba chiyenera kuchitidwa.Zida zamankhwala zapamwamba zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira monga kusefera kwa membrane ndi reverse osmosis.

Kutengera zomwe zachitika, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosefera madzi amvula, ndipo mlingo wa chlorine pamadzi ogwiritsiranso ntchito madzi amvula ungatanthauzenso mlingo wa chlorine wa kampani yopereka madzi.Malinga ndi zochitika zogwirira ntchito kuchokera kunja, mlingo wa klorini ndi pafupifupi 2 mg/L kufika 4 mg/L, ndipo madzi otayira amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamadzi pamadzi osiyanasiyana amtawuni.Mukamathirira madera obiriwira ndi misewu usiku, kusefera sikungakhale kofunikira.