Kuchotsa Njira Yosefera Yachitsulo Ndi Manganese Pa Madzi Akumwa

Mafotokozedwe Akatundu

A. Chitsulo Chochuluka

Chitsulo chomwe chili m'madzi apansi panthaka chiyenera kutsata malamulo a madzi akumwa, chomwe chimanena kuti sayenera kupitirira 3.0mg/L.Ndalama zilizonse zodutsa mulingo uwu zimatengedwa kuti sizikugwirizana.Zifukwa zazikulu zachitsulo chochulukirapo m'madzi apansi panthaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri chitsulo m'mafakitale ndi ulimi, komanso kutulutsa madzi onyansa okhala ndi chitsulo.

Chitsulo ndi chinthu chochuluka, ndipo ma ferrous ions (Fe2+) amasungunuka m'madzi, choncho madzi apansi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chitsulo.Chitsulo chachitsulo m’madzi a pansi pa nthaka chikamaposa muyezo, madziwo amatha kuoneka ngati abwinobwino poyamba, koma pakatha mphindi 30, madziwo amayamba kusanduka achikasu.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi apansi ochuluka chitsulo kuchapa zovala zoyera, zimatha kupangitsa zovalazo kukhala zachikasu komanso zosasinthika.Kusankhidwa kolakwika kwa malo opangira madzi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri kungayambitse chitsulo chambiri m'madzi apansi.Kudya kwambiri chitsulo kumakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi la munthu ndipo kungayambitsenso kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zowala komanso zaukhondo.

B. Zambiri za Manganese

Manganese omwe ali m'madzi apansi amayenera kutsata miyezo yamadzi akumwa, yomwe imanena kuti iyenera kukhala mkati mwa 1.0mg/L.Ndalama zilizonse zodutsa mulingo uwu zimatengedwa kuti sizikugwirizana.Chifukwa chachikulu chosagwirizana ndi manganese ndikuti manganese ndi chinthu chochuluka, ndipo ma ion manganese a divalent (Mn2+) amasungunuka m'madzi, motero madzi apansi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi manganese.Kusankha kolakwika kwa malo opangira madzi nthawi zambiri kungayambitse kukhalapo kwa manganese ochulukirapo m'madzi.Kudya kwambiri kwa manganese kumakhala kwapoizoni m'thupi la munthu, makamaka ku dongosolo lamanjenje, ndipo kumakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu, motero kumayipitsa zinthu zaukhondo.

Chiyambi cha njira yoyeretsera ozoni yachitsulo chamadzi apansi panthaka ndi manganese mopitilira muyeso

Njira yochizira kuyeretsedwa kwa ozoni ndi njira yamakono yopangira madzi, yomwe imatha kuchotsa bwino mtundu ndi fungo m'madzi.Makamaka, imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pazamankhwala paokha monga chitsulo chochulukirapo ndi manganese, ammonia nayitrogeni wambiri, kuchotsa mitundu, kununkhira, komanso kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe m'madzi apansi.

Ozone ili ndi mphamvu zowononga kwambiri zotulutsa okosijeni ndipo ndi imodzi mwama okosijeni amphamvu kwambiri omwe amadziwika.Mamolekyu a ozoni ndi a diamagnetic ndipo amaphatikizana mosavuta ndi ma elekitironi angapo kuti apange ma molecule a ayoni;theka la moyo wa ozoni m'madzi ndi pafupifupi mphindi 35, malingana ndi khalidwe la madzi ndi kutentha kwa madzi;crucially, palibe zotsalira m'madzi pambuyo ozoni makutidwe ndi okosijeni mankhwala.Sichidzaipitsa ndipo n’chopindulitsa kwambiri ku thanzi la munthu;njira ya mankhwala a ozoni ndi yosavuta komanso mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito ndi wotsika.

Njira yopangira madzi a ozoni imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya okosijeni ya ozone.Lingaliro loyambirira ndilakuti: choyamba, sakanizani mokwanira ozoni mu gwero la madzi kuti muyeretsedwe kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwala athunthu pakati pa ozoni ndi zinthu zomwe akuyang'ana kuti apange zinthu zopanda madzi;chachiwiri, kudzera The fyuluta zimasefa zonyansa m'madzi;potsiriza, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti apange madzi akumwa oyenerera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

Kuwunika kwa Ubwino wa Ukadaulo Woyeretsera Ozone pa Madzi Omwa

Ubwino Wonse wa Ozone

Chithandizo choyeretsa ozoni chili ndi zabwino izi:

(1) Ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya madzi pamene ikuwayeretsa, ndipo imatulutsanso zinthu zina zowononga mankhwala.

(2) Simatulutsa fungo ngati chlorophenol.

(3) Sizimapanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga trihalomethanes kuchokera ku chlorine disinfection.

(4) Ozone ikhoza kupangidwa pamaso pa mpweya ndipo imangofunika mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ipeze.

(5) Pa ntchito zina zamadzi, monga kukonza chakudya, kupanga zakumwa, ndi mafakitale a microelectronics, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a ozoni safuna njira yowonjezera yochotsera mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'madzi oyeretsedwa, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chlorine disinfection ndi dechlorination process.

Ubwino Wopanda Zotsalira ndi Zachilengedwe pa Chithandizo Choyeretsa Ozoni

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wa ozoni poyerekeza ndi klorini, imakhala ndi mphamvu yowononga bakiteriya ndipo imagwira ntchito mwachangu pa mabakiteriya omwe amamwa motsika kwambiri, ndipo samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi pH.

Pansi pa zochita za 0.45mg / L ya ozone, kachilombo ka poliomyelitis kamafa mu maminiti a 2;pamene chlorine disinfection, mlingo wa 2mg/L amafuna maola atatu.Pamene 1mL ya madzi ili ndi 274-325 E. coli, chiwerengero cha E. coli chikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi 86% ndi mlingo wa ozone wa 1mg / L;pa mlingo wa 2mg/L, madziwo akhoza kukhala pafupifupi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

3. Ubwino wa chitetezo cha mankhwala oyeretsa ozoni

Pokonzekera zopangira ndi kupanga, ozoni amangofunika mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo safuna mankhwala ena aliwonse.Choncho, tinganene kuti mu ndondomeko yonse, ozoni ali zoonekeratu ubwino chitetezo poyerekeza chlorine dioxide ndi chlorine disinfection.

① Pankhani yachitetezo chazinthu zopangira, kupanga ozoni kumangofuna kulekanitsa mpweya ndipo sikufuna zida zina.Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chlorine dioxide kumafuna zinthu zopangira mankhwala monga hydrochloric acid ndi potaziyamu chlorate, zomwe zili ndi zovuta zachitetezo ndipo zimayendetsedwa ndi chitetezo.

② Kuchokera pamalingaliro akupanga, njira yokonzekera ozoni ndiyotetezeka komanso yosavuta kuwongolera;pamene zochita za mankhwala zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zotetezera ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzilamulira.

③ Potengera kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito ozoni nakonso ndikotetezeka;Komabe, pakangochitika zovuta zilizonse, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa chlorine kumawononga kwambiri zida ndi anthu.